Key Findings
  • Only 50.0% of Americans age 16–17 hold a driver's license—essentially a coin flip, far below every adult age group.
  • The license rate jumps to 74.7% by ages 18–19, then continues climbing through early adulthood, peaking at 94.5% for ages 45–54.
  • The rate holds near its peak through the 50s and 60s, then declines to 80.6% for Americans 75 and older.
  • The gap between the youngest group (16–17) and the peak age group (45–54) is 44.5 percentage points—the widest spread in the data.
  • Men hold licenses at a higher rate than women (90.0% vs. 86.1%), and rural Americans hold licenses at a higher rate than urban Americans (92.9% vs. 86.8%).
Source: Federal Highway Administration/Bureau of Transportation Statistics, 2022 National Household Travel Survey, public-use person file.

01 Introduction

Only 50.0% of Americans age 16–17 hold a driver's license—essentially a coin flip—before the rate climbs to 74.7% by ages 18–19 and peaks at 94.5% for ages 45–54. Driving isn't something every eligible American does as soon as they can. The 2022 National Household Travel Survey asks respondents directly whether they are a licensed driver, making it possible to measure exactly how common driver's licenses are at every stage of life—rather than assume everyone who's old enough to drive does.

FHWA/BTS, 2022 National Household Travel Survey, public-use person file (perv2pub.csv), variable DRIVER

02 License Rate by Age: The Full Breakdown

Weighted to be nationally representative, the share of Americans holding a driver's license rises sharply through the teens and twenties, plateaus in middle age, and declines again after 65.

FHWA/BTS, 2022 National Household Travel Survey, public-use person file, variable DRIVER cross-tabbed with R_AGE, weighted by WTPERFIN
Fig. 1 Share of Americans holding a driver's license, by age group. Hover a bar for the exact figure. 2022 National Household Travel Survey, public-use person file, weighted share
Age GroupLicense RateSurvey Records (n)
16–1750.0%381
18–1974.7%292
20–2484.0%738
25–3490.3%2,082
35–4493.4%2,179
45–5494.5%2,060
55–6493.3%2,743
65–7493.0%2,866
75+80.6%1,463
FHWA/BTS, 2022 National Household Travel Survey, public-use person file, weighted by WTPERFIN. "Survey Records" is the unweighted count of respondents behind each rate.

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03 The Youth Gap: 16-17 vs. 18-19

The single sharpest jump in the entire dataset happens right at the edge of the teen years: the license rate rises 24.7 percentage points, from 50.0% at ages 16–17 to 74.7% at ages 18–19.

Calculated: 74.7% − 50.0% = 24.7 percentage points
What this data can and can't tell you. NHTS records whether someone holds a license, not why they do or don't. Commonly discussed factors—the cost of driver's education and insurance for new teen drivers, graduated licensing laws that delay full licensure, greater availability of rideshare and delivery services, and shifting attitudes toward independence—are all plausible contributors, but this survey does not measure any of them directly, and this article does not attribute the gap to a specific cause.

This is a single-year snapshot from the 2022 survey, not a historical trend. This site does not have earlier NHTS survey cycles on file to verify whether the 16–17 license rate has changed over time, so no claim is made here about whether today's teens are more or less likely to be licensed than teens in past decades.

FHWA/BTS, 2022 National Household Travel Survey (single survey year)

04 The Decline After 65

License rates hold steady in the low-to-mid 90s from the mid-30s all the way through the mid-70s, then drop to 80.6% for Americans 75 and older—a decline of 13.9 percentage points from the 65–74 group.

Calculated: 93.0% (ages 65–74) − 80.6% (ages 75+) = 12.4 percentage points; peak-to-75+ comparison: 94.5% (ages 45–54) − 80.6% = 13.9 percentage points
Two different patterns, one dataset. The decline among teens (Section 03) reflects people who have not yet obtained a license; the decline after 75 reflects the opposite—people who likely held a license for decades and, for reasons this survey doesn't specify (vision, reflexes, family decisions, or simply driving less), no longer do. Both show up as a lower license rate, but they describe different life stages and different underlying stories.

05 License Rate by Gender and Location

Age is not the only factor tied to whether an American holds a driver's license. Two other dimensions in the same survey show real, if smaller, gaps: gender and whether someone lives in an urban or rural area.

FHWA/BTS, 2022 National Household Travel Survey, public-use person file, variable DRIVER cross-tabbed with R_SEX and URBRUR, weighted by WTPERFIN
Fig. 2 Driver's license rate by gender and by urban/rural location. Hover a bar for the exact figure. 2022 National Household Travel Survey, public-use person file, weighted share
GroupLicense RateSurvey Records (n)
Male90.0%7,187
Female86.1%7,663
Urban86.8%11,707
Rural92.9%3,143
FHWA/BTS, 2022 National Household Travel Survey, public-use person file, weighted by WTPERFIN. Excludes respondents for whom the license question was a valid skip (mainly those under 16).

Men are 3.9 percentage points more likely to hold a license than women (90.0% vs. 86.1%). The location gap runs wider and in the direction you might expect from car-dependency patterns: rural Americans are 6.1 percentage points more likely to be licensed than urban Americans (92.9% vs. 86.8%)—consistent with the same pattern in this site's vehicle ownership by household analysis, where rural households own more vehicles and are far less likely to own none. A personal vehicle, and the license to drive it, is closer to a necessity where public transit is limited; in dense urban areas with transit alternatives, both are more optional.

Calculated: 90.0% − 86.1% = 3.9 percentage points; 92.9% − 86.8% = 6.1 percentage points

06 Methodology and Caveats

All figures in this article are drawn directly from the 2022 National Household Travel Survey's public-use person file, weighted using the survey's person weight (WTPERFIN) to produce nationally representative estimates.

FHWA/BTS, 2022 National Household Travel Survey, public-use person file
  • This is a single-year snapshot, not a trend. This site does not have other NHTS survey cycles on file, so no comparison to past years is made.
  • License status is self-reported by survey respondents or a household proxy, not verified against state DMV records.
  • Single-year age brackets showed some inconsistency at ages 16 through 19 (for example, the 16-year-old rate came out slightly higher than the 17-year-old rate in the raw single-year data), consistent with normal sampling variation at that sample size; this article uses grouped brackets (16–17, 18–19) for a more statistically reliable comparison.
  • Gender and location figures (Section 05) use the survey's R_SEX and URBRUR variables and the same DRIVER/WTPERFIN methodology as the age breakdown, verified to reproduce the exact same age-group figures published above before being applied to these two additional dimensions.

07 Data Sources

Every figure in this article comes from a U.S. government source. No proprietary, estimated, or third-party data was used.

  1. Federal Highway Administration / Bureau of Transportation Statistics. 2022 National Household Travel Survey, public-use person file (perv2pub.csv). nhts.ornl.gov
Disclaimer. This article is for informational purposes only. All figures are national survey estimates, weighted to be representative of the U.S. population, and do not describe any individual person. License status is self-reported and reflects a single survey year (2022).