Key Findings
  • Wyoming leads the nation at 16,849 VMT per capita, driven by long rural distances and a sparse population.
  • Washington D.C. has the lowest per-capita VMT at 5,133 miles, reflecting its dense urban layout and heavy transit use.
  • The national average is 9,938 miles per capita per year, according to FHWA data.
  • Total U.S. VMT reached nearly 3.2 trillion miles in 2022, up about 2.0% from 2021.
Sources: FHWA, Highway Statistics Series, Table PS-1: Selected Measures for Identifying Peer States (2024 edition, February 2026); Table VM-1: Annual Vehicle Distance Traveled (2022)

01 States with the Most Miles

States where residents drive the most per capita tend to be rural, spread out, and lack significant public transit. The FHWA tracks vehicle miles traveled (VMT) by state, which can be divided by population to produce per-capita figures.

FHWA, Highway Statistics Series, Table PS-1: Selected Measures for Identifying Peer States, 2024 edition (rural + urban VMT and population by state)
RankStateVMT per CapitaEst. Annual Fuel Cost
1Wyoming16,849$2,346
2Alabama14,510$2,020
3Mississippi14,033$1,954
4New Mexico13,527$1,884
5Missouri13,291$1,851
6Arkansas13,074$1,820
7Indiana13,003$1,811
8North Dakota12,874$1,793
9Montana12,788$1,781
10North Carolina12,549$1,747
FHWA Table PS-1 (2024 edition). Annual fuel cost: VMT per capita ÷ 23.7 MPG (on-road fleet average, DOE/ORNL Transportation Energy Data Book Table 4.3, 2020) × $3.30/gal (EIA national average, 2024). State-specific gas prices are not used here since EIA only tracks retail prices weekly for 9 states.

Wyoming’s top ranking reflects its vast distances between population centers and near-total reliance on personal vehicles. The state has virtually no public transit outside of small local systems, and commute distances are among the longest in the nation for rural workers.

FHWA, NHTS, trip distance by state; Census ACS, mode of transportation data for Wyoming

02 States with the Fewest Miles

States and jurisdictions with lower per-capita VMT tend to have dense urban areas, extensive transit systems, or both. New York, with its New York City transit network, and D.C. consistently rank at the bottom.

FHWA, Highway Statistics Series, Table PS-1: Selected Measures for Identifying Peer States, 2024 edition
RankStateVMT per CapitaEst. Annual Fuel Cost
51D.C.5,133$715
50New York5,983$833
49Rhode Island6,977$971
48Hawaii7,316$1,019
47Pennsylvania7,321$1,019
46Alaska7,503$1,045
45Washington7,859$1,094
44Illinois8,140$1,133
43California8,244$1,148
42New Jersey8,554$1,191
FHWA Table PS-1 (2024 edition). Fuel cost: VMT per capita ÷ 23.7 MPG (on-road fleet average, DOE/ORNL Transportation Energy Data Book Table 4.3, 2020) × $3.30/gal (EIA national average, 2024). D.C. ranked as #51.

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03 Total VMT by State

Total VMT (not per capita) is driven by population size. California and Texas, as the two most populous states, generate the most total vehicle miles even though their per-capita rates are comparatively moderate to low.

FHWA, Highway Statistics Series, Table PS-1: Selected Measures for Identifying Peer States, 2024 edition: rural + urban VMT and population by state
StateTotal VMT (billions)Population (millions)Per Capita VMT
California326.039.58,244
Texas308.529.110,583
Florida249.521.511,583
North Carolina131.010.412,549
Georgia122.210.711,409
FHWA Table PS-1, 2024 edition

California generates the most total VMT (326.0 billion miles) despite ranking 43rd out of 51 in per-capita driving, illustrating how population size dominates total driving volumes. Texas ranks second in total VMT and also drives more per capita than California, reflecting its sprawling geography.

04 Fuel Cost Implications

The combination of driving distance and local gas prices determines each state’s annual fuel cost burden. Wyoming drivers cover the most miles, but relatively low gas prices partially offset the distance. Hawaii drivers cover fewer miles but face the nation’s highest gas prices.

FHWA Table PS-1 VMT data combined with EIA national average gasoline price, 2024
Cost range: Annual per-capita fuel costs, at the national average gas price, range from roughly $715 in D.C. (low miles) to over $2,300 in Wyoming (high miles). The national average is approximately $1,384 per person per year.
Calculated: national avg VMT per capita (9,938 mi, FHWA Table PS-1) ÷ 23.7 MPG (on-road fleet average, DOE/ORNL Transportation Energy Data Book Table 4.3, 2020) × $3.30/gal (EIA national average, 2024) = $1,384

The most recent full-year FHWA Highway Statistics data available covers 2021 and 2022. Total U.S. VMT across all roads and vehicle types rose from about 3.13 trillion miles in 2021 to nearly 3.20 trillion in 2022, an increase of roughly 2.0%.

FHWA, Highway Statistics Series, Table VM-1: Annual Vehicle Distance Traveled, "Total Rural and Urban" row, all motor vehicles, 2021–2022
YearTotal U.S. VMT (trillions)Change vs Prior Year
20213.13
20223.20+2.0%
FHWA, Highway Statistics, Table VM-1, 2021–2022

The same table also shows the average distance traveled per registered vehicle: 11,327 miles in 2022, up from 11,140 miles in 2021. This is a different measure than the per-capita figures used elsewhere in this article—it divides total VMT by the number of registered vehicles rather than by population, so it is not directly comparable to the state per-capita rankings above.

FHWA, Highway Statistics, Table VM-1: "Average miles traveled per vehicle," all motor vehicles, 2021–2022

06 Data Sources

  1. FHWA: Highway Statistics Series, Table PS-1: Selected Measures for Identifying Peer States, 2024 edition (state VMT and population). fhwa.dot.gov
  2. FHWA: Highway Statistics Series, Table VM-1: Annual Vehicle Distance Traveled, 2021–2022. fhwa.dot.gov
  3. EIA: Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Update, national average retail gasoline price, 2024. eia.gov
  4. DOE/Oak Ridge National Laboratory: Transportation Energy Data Book, Edition 40, Table 4.3 – on-road fuel economy of the light-duty fleet. tedb.ornl.gov
Disclaimer. This article is for informational purposes only. All data is sourced from U.S. government agencies as cited. Per-capita VMT is calculated by dividing total state VMT by total state population (rural + urban), using the FHWA's most recent Table PS-1 edition (2024 data, published February 2026). These are averages and individual driving patterns vary widely. Total VMT includes all vehicle types on all public roads, not just personal vehicles. Fuel cost estimates assume 23.7 MPG—the actual on-road average fuel economy of the light-duty vehicle fleet (DOE/ORNL Transportation Energy Data Book, 2020 data, the most recent year published), reflecting older vehicles still in service rather than only new-vehicle sales—and the EIA national average gasoline price, not state-specific prices, since EIA only tracks retail prices weekly for 9 individual states.