Key Findings
  • Diesel costs 37% more per gallon than regular gasoline ($4.25 vs $3.10 in 2025), and delivers 25 to 30% better fuel economy—the price premium now outweighs the efficiency gain.
  • On a cost per mile basis, diesel is now more expensive to operate than gasoline in every vehicle class in our data. A diesel pickup costs roughly $146 more per year vs gasoline at 15,000 miles in 2025.
  • Diesel has been priced above regular gasoline in every year of EIA data back to 1995. The premium has grown substantially over time, from about $0.26/gallon in 2000 to $1.16/gallon in 2025.
  • Diesel passenger cars have disappeared from the U.S. market. Today, diesel is available only in full size pickups and SUVs.
Sources: EIA Annual Retail Gasoline and Diesel Prices, 2000–2025; EPA FuelEconomy.gov vehicle dataset, model years 2015 to 2026

01 Introduction

Diesel now costs more to operate than gasoline in every vehicle class checked here: it's priced 37% higher per gallon ($4.25 vs. $3.10 in 2025), which outweighs its 25 to 30% fuel-economy advantage. The diesel vs gasoline comparison is often reduced to price per gallon, but that metric alone is misleading in either direction. A gallon of diesel contains roughly 13% more energy than a gallon of gasoline, and diesel engines convert fuel to motion more efficiently. The result: diesel vehicles typically travel 25 to 30% farther on each gallon. But whether that translates into real savings depends on how large the per-gallon premium is—and in 2025, it's large enough to erase the efficiency advantage in every class we checked.

DOE Alternative Fuels Data Center: diesel contains ~137,381 BTU/gallon vs gasoline ~120,238 BTU/gallon, a 14.3% energy density advantage

This article compares diesel and gasoline on price, fuel economy, and cost per mile using 26 years of EIA price data and EPA fuel economy ratings. For the broader picture of what driving costs in America, see our overview. All figures come exclusively from U.S. government sources.

EIA Weekly Retail Gasoline and Diesel Prices (annual averages); EPA FuelEconomy.gov vehicle dataset

02 Price History: Diesel vs Gasoline

Diesel has been priced above regular gasoline in every year of EIA annual data back to 1995—there is no year in this dataset where diesel was cheaper at the pump. What has changed is the size of the premium: it has grown substantially over time, from around $0.26/gallon in 2000 to $1.16/gallon in 2025.

EIA Annual Average Retail Prices: U.S. Regular Gasoline and No. 2 Diesel, 2000 to 2025
Fig. 1 Annual average retail prices for regular gasoline (green) and No. 2 diesel (blue), 2000 to 2025. Diesel has carried a per-gallon premium in every year shown, and that premium has widened substantially since 2016. EIA Weekly Retail Gasoline and Diesel Prices, annual averages. Regular grade gasoline; No. 2 diesel.
YearRegular GasNo. 2 DieselDiesel Premium
2000$1.48$1.74+$0.26
2005$2.27$2.53+$0.26
2008$3.25$3.55+$0.30
2012$3.62$4.02+$0.40
2016$2.14$2.71+$0.56
2020$2.17$2.98+$0.81
2022$3.95$5.02+$1.07
2025$3.10$4.25+$1.16
EIA Annual Average Retail Prices, selected years. 2025 has the widest diesel premium in the dataset at $1.16/gallon, continuing a steady widening trend rather than a one-time spike.
Why the premium has grown: Several factors have widened diesel's price premium over gasoline since the mid-2000s: (1) growing global demand for diesel, especially from export markets, (2) tighter ultra low sulfur diesel regulations in the U.S. (effective 2006) increased refining costs, and (3) heating oil (which shares refinery output with diesel) creates seasonal price spikes that push diesel higher, particularly in winter.

03 Fuel Economy: Diesel vs Gasoline

Diesel engines consistently deliver better fuel economy than gasoline engines in matched vehicle classes. The advantage ranges from 25% to 30% for trucks and SUVs. EPA test data for model years 2015 through 2026 shows this pattern clearly across the classes where both fuel types are available.

EPA FuelEconomy.gov vehicle dataset, diesel and regular gasoline configurations, model years 2015 to 2026
Fig. 2 Average combined MPG for diesel (blue) vs gasoline (green) by vehicle class. Diesel delivers a consistent 25 to 30% fuel economy advantage across all classes tested. EPA FuelEconomy.gov, combined MPG averages for diesel and regular gasoline configurations, model years 2015 to 2026
Vehicle ClassGas MPGDiesel MPGDiesel Advantage
Standard Pickup18.223.6+30%
Standard SUV18.523.0+24%
Midsize Sedan*32.040.0+25%
Compact Car*33.042.0+27%
EPA FuelEconomy.gov, model years 2015 to 2026, combined rating (55% city / 45% highway). *Diesel sedans and compacts no longer sold new in the U.S. as of 2020; data reflects 2015 to 2019 models.

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04 Cost Per Mile: The Real Comparison

The cost per mile calculation shows that in 2025, diesel's fuel economy advantage no longer compensates for its higher per gallon price. With diesel costing $1.16 more per gallon than gasoline, diesel trucks and SUVs are now more expensive to fuel per mile than their gasoline equivalents, despite their better MPG.

Cost per mile = price per gallon / combined MPG. Gas: $3.10/gal; Diesel: $4.25/gal (EIA 2025 annual averages)
Fig. 3 Annual fuel cost at 15,000 miles: diesel (blue) vs gasoline (green) by vehicle class. At 2025 prices, diesel costs more in annual fuel for every class shown, despite its MPG advantage. Calculated: 15,000 miles / MPG × price per gallon. Gas $3.10/gal, Diesel $4.25/gal (EIA 2025). MPG from EPA FuelEconomy.gov.
Vehicle ClassGas Cost/MiDiesel Cost/MiDiesel Extra Cost/Year
Standard Pickup$0.170$0.180+$146
Standard SUV$0.168$0.185+$258
Midsize Sedan*$0.097$0.106+$112
Compact Car*$0.094$0.101+$87
Extra cost per year at 15,000 miles (trucks/SUVs) and 12,000 miles (sedans/compacts), 2025 EIA prices. *Diesel sedans/compacts no longer sold new; calculations use historical MY 2015 to 2019 MPG data.

The SUV class shows the largest dollar penalty because it combines high fuel consumption with the smallest of the four MPG advantages (24%, versus 30% for pickups). Over 5 years at 15,000 miles per year, a diesel pickup owner now pays roughly $730 more in fuel than an equivalent gasoline truck owner, at 2025 prices.

5 year extra cost: $146/year × 5 = $730, assuming stable price differential. Actual costs vary with price fluctuations.
This has flipped back and forth historically: Whether diesel saves money per mile depends on the ratio between the diesel premium and diesel's MPG advantage, and that ratio has swung over time. For the standard pickup class (30% MPG advantage), diesel saved money in 2000, 2005, 2008, 2012, and 2022, but cost more in 2020 and 2025—years when the per-gallon premium grew large enough to erase the efficiency gain. There is no single "diesel always wins" or "diesel always loses" answer; it depends on current prices.

05 Diesel in the American Fleet

Diesel passenger vehicles have always been a niche in the American market. After a brief peak in the early 1980s (when several manufacturers sold diesel variants of popular sedans), diesel’s share of new vehicle configurations fell below 1% by the late 1990s. A modest revival in the 2010s, driven by imported diesel sedans and domestic truck diesels, pushed the share back to roughly 3% by 2015.

EPA FuelEconomy.gov vehicle dataset: diesel configurations as percentage of all configurations by model year
Fig. 4 Diesel share of new vehicle configurations in the EPA dataset by model year. After the early 1980s peak and the 2015 revival, diesel is now limited to full size trucks and SUVs. EPA FuelEconomy.gov vehicle dataset. Diesel configurations counted against total light duty configurations per model year.

A major emissions testing scandal in 2015, in which a manufacturer was found to have installed software that cheated on diesel emissions tests, effectively ended the diesel car segment in America. European automakers withdrew their diesel sedans and SUVs from the U.S. market. Today, diesel is available only in full-size half-ton and heavy-duty pickups and a handful of full-size body-on-frame SUVs.

EPA FuelEconomy.gov 2026 model year: diesel configurations limited to Standard Pickup Trucks and Standard Sport Utility Vehicles

Estimate your vehicle's driving cost using official EPA fuel economy data.

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06 Data Sources

Every data point in this article comes from a U.S. government source. No proprietary, estimated, or third party data was used.

  1. U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA). Annual average retail gasoline prices (regular grade), 2000 to 2025. Weekly Retail Gasoline and Diesel Prices survey.
  2. U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA). Annual average retail No. 2 diesel prices, 2000 to 2025. Petroleum and Other Liquids, Retail Prices.
  3. EPA FuelEconomy.gov Vehicle Dataset. Diesel and regular gasoline configurations, combined MPG averages by vehicle class, model years 2015 to 2026.
  4. EPA FuelEconomy.gov Vehicle Dataset. All model years 1984 to 2026. Diesel configuration counts and share of total configurations.
  5. U.S. Department of Energy, Alternative Fuels Data Center. Fuel energy content: diesel 137,381 BTU/gallon, gasoline 120,238 BTU/gallon.
Disclaimer. This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute financial advice. Cost per mile calculations use 2025 annual average fuel prices and EPA combined MPG ratings. Actual costs vary based on driving conditions, vehicle condition, and local fuel prices. Diesel sedans and compacts are no longer sold new in the U.S.; calculations for those classes use historical data from model years 2015 to 2019.